Change Management and Innovation: A Case of Safaricom PLC and Yahoo Inc. Limited

Authors

  • Christine Namenya Egessa Pan African Christian University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t30145

Abstract

For organizations operating in today’s ever-changing business environment, change is not only inevitable and unstoppable, but it is also one of the most critical success factors for any organization. Several factors influence change within organizations. These include fierce competition, innovation, unprecedented global crises, changing consumer trends, globalization, technological advancements, changes in internal and external laws and policies, and operational changes within the organization, among others. Faced with the urgency of change in their daily operations, organizations that can’t adapt and seize growth opportunities are likely to be surpassed by agile competitors, hence they may incur losses or even fall completely if they cannot keep up with the competition. In light of this, organizational change can bring both negative and positive impacts on the performance of organizations, hence the need to manage it effectively. Managing change effectively is still a big challenge for many organizations today. For this reason, preparing for change effectively should be a top priority for all organizational managers as it plays a critical role in the performance of an organization. It can either elevate it or lead it to its downfall. This paper, therefore, undertakes a critical evaluation of the change management concept, including an understanding of what the concept entails in terms of its definition, and the core principles and models that constitute the subject matter and its relation to innovation. The paper further explores the success factors for change management as well as the critical factors that may contribute to its poor implementation. Lastly, drawing from both global and local examples, the paper analyzes some real-life success and failure stories of enterprises that attempted the change management process.

Keywords: Change Management, Innovation, Safaricom PLC, Yahoo Inc.

 

Author Biography

Christine Namenya Egessa, Pan African Christian University

PhD Student, Pan Africa Christian University

References

Amaral, R. E., Brito, J., Buckman, M., Drake, E., Ilatova, E., Rice, P., ... & Abraham, Y. S. (2020). Waste management and operational energy for sustainable buildings: a review. Sustainability, 12(13), 5337. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135337

Amarantou, V., Kazakopoulou, S., Chatzoudes, D., & Chatzoglou, P. (2018). Resistance to change: an empirical investigation of its antecedents. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 31(2), 426-450. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-05-2017-0196

Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2020). Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers.

Asikhia, O., Nneji, N., Olafenwa, A., & Owoeye, O. (2021). Change management and organisational performance: a review of literature. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management, 3, 6779.

Bagga, S. K., Gera, S., & Haque, S. N. (2023). The mediating role of organizational culture: Transformational leadership and change management in virtual teams. Asia Pacific Management Review, 28(2), 120-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2022.07.003

Baran, B. E., & Woznyj, H. M. (2020). Managing VUCA: The human dynamics of agility. Organizational dynamics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2020.100787

Barrett, H. (2024). Towards a systems-based framework for understanding the diffusion of technology: A case study of a modest technological innovation in the multi-agency context of policing (Doctoral dissertation, The Open University).

Beer, M. and Nohria, N. (2000). Cracking the code of change. Harvard Business Review, May/June, pp. 133- 41.

Blokland, P., & Reniers, G. (2021). Achieving organisational alignment, safety and sustainable performance in organisations. Sustainability, 13(18), 10400. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810400

Brewer, M. B. (1991). The Social Self: On Being the Same and Different at the Same Time. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17(5), 475–482. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167291175001

Burnes, B., (2009) Reflections: Ethics and Organizational Change – Time for a Return to Lewinian Values. Journal of Change Management 9 359-381. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697010903360558

Cabrilo, S., Kianto, A., & Milic, B. (2018). The effect of IC components on innovation performance in Serbian companies. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 48(3), 448-466. https://doi.org/10.1108/VJIKMS-06-2016-0033

Cameron, E., & Green, M. (2019). Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496408328821

Daniel, C. O. (2019). Effects of change management on the performance of firms in Nigeria. International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering, 5(1), 59-64. https://doi.org/10.31695/IJASRE.2019.33065

Desher, A. A. (2018). Biofouling impacts on the environment and ship energy efficiency.

Deshler, R. (2017, November 7). The Dangers of a Misalignment between Culture and Strategy. American Management Association Blog. Retrieved from https://www.amanet.org

Dosi, G. (1999) ‘Technological paradigms and technological trajectories.’ Research Policy, 11: p.147-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(82)90016-6

Edwards-Schachter, M. (2018). The nature and variety of innovation. International Journal of Innovation Studies, 2(2), 65-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijis.2018.08.004

Fang, Z. (2023). Assessing the impact of renewable energy investment, green technology innovation, and industrialization on sustainable development: A case study of China. Renewable Energy, 205, 772-782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.01.014

Fortunato, J. A., Gigliotti, R. A., & Ruben, B. D. (2018). Analysing the dynamics of crisis leadership in higher education: A study of racial incidents at the University of Missouri. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 26(4), 510-518. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12220

GAM, G. A. M. (2015). Innovation-Based Change Management. Innovation, 7(32).

Gartner, E., & Folkedal, T. (2018). Navigating to a Successful Enterprise-Wide PMO Creation. The Journal of Modern Project Management, 5(3).

Harrington, H. J. (2018). Innovative change management (ICM): Preparing your organization for the new innovative culture. Productivity Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351248556

Helmold, M., & Helmold, M. (2021). Change management as the trigger for new work. New Work, Transformational and Virtual Leadership: Lessons from COVID-19 and Other Crises, 31-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63315-8_3

Helmold, M., & Helmold, M. (2021). New office concepts in the post COVID-19 times. New Work, Transformational and Virtual Leadership: Lessons from COVID-19 and Other Crises, 79-89.

Henne, A. (2019). Analysis of the Transition from Traditional Closed Innovation Systems to Open Innovation.

Imran, M. K., Rehman, C. A., Aslam, U., & Bilal, A. R. (2016). What’s organization knowledge management strategy for successful change implementation? Journal of Organizational Change Management, 29(7), 1097-1117. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-07-2015-0130

Jacques, D., Kepos, P., & Group., G. (2013). International directory of company histories. Volume 143 [electronic resource]. Detroit: St. James Press. [accessed 2 April 2022]

Jaskyte, K. (2018). Board attributes and processes, board effectiveness, and organizational innovation: Evidence from nonprofit organizations. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 29(5), 1098-1111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-017-9945-y

Johnson, L. (2016). Here's a Timeline of Yahoo's 22-Year History as a Digital Pioneer. Retrieved from Adweek: http://www.adweek.com/news/technology/heres -timelineyahoo-s-22-year-history-digital-pioneer-172663 [accessed 1 April 2022]. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojbm.2021.94095

Juliana, N. O., Hui, H. J., Clement, M., Solomon, E. N., & Elvis, O. K. (2021). The impact of creativity and innovation on entrepreneurship development: evidence from Nigeria. Open Journal of Business and Management, 9(4), 1743-1770.

Krimi, M. (2022). Educational Reform: Change Implementation, Support and Management. https://doi.org/10.55454/rcsas.2.4.2022.001

Lwakatare, L. E., Kilamo, T., Karvonen, T., Sauvola, T., Heikkilä, V., Itkonen, J., ... & Lassenius, C. (2019). DevOps in practice: A multiple case study of five companies. Information and Software Technology, 114, 217-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2019.06.010

Mahmood, F. (2016). Yahoo’s demise: The internet giant’s failure is a story of missed opportunities. Retrieved from The Express Tribune: http://tribune.com.pk/story/1153035/yahoos -de mise-internet-giants-failure-storymissed-opportunities/ [accessed 31 April 2022] 587-604

Massaro Maurizio, Dumay John, Bagnoli Carlo (2015) , Where there is a will there is a way, Journal of Intellectual Capital; 2015, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p490-517, 28p, ISSN: 14691930. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2014-0091

Miller, L., & Miller, A. F. (2020). Innovative work behavior through high-quality leadership. International Journal of Innovation Science, 12(2), 219-236. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-04-2019-0042

O’Reilly, N. M., Robbins, P., & Scanlan, J. (2019). Dynamic capabilities and the entrepreneurial university: a perspective on the knowledge transfer capabilities of universities. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 31(3), 243-263. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2018.1490510

Olubitan, J. O. (2023). Human Resources Development and Innovation Capability of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Ibadan Metropolis. Nigerian Journal of Management Sciences Vol, 24(2b).

Quirke, B. (2017). Making the connections: Using internal communication to turn strategy into action. Routledge.

Revenio, J. (2016). The Impact of Change and Change Management in Achieving Corporate Goals and Objectives: Organizational Perspective. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 5 1233-1239

Rocha, J. O., & Zavale, G. J. (2021). Innovation and change in public administration. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 9(6), 285-297. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2021.96021

Rothwell, R. (1994). Towards the fifth-generation Innovation Process. International Marketing Review, 11, (1), 7-31. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651339410057491

Safaricom (2021). Annual Report. Available at https://www.safaricom.co.ke/annualreport_2021/ accessed 19/03/2022

Samal, A., & Chatterjee, D. (2020). Rethinking Organizational Change: Towards a Conceptual Framework. South Asian Journal of Management, 27(2).

Shivappa, R. (2015). Change ManagementConcept, Process, Principles and Skills. Retrieved on March 29 2022, from http://www.slideshare.net/shivapparamakrishna/change -manage-dr-r-shivappa.

Sriboonnark, N. P. (2018). Innovation and change management. In ASEAN/Asian Academic Society International Conference Proceeding Series (pp. 756-764).

Stager, J. (2021). Testimony of Joshua Stager Deputy Director, New America’s Open Technology Institute.

Stouten, J., Rousseau, D. M., & De Cremer, D. (2018). Successful organizational change: Integrating the management practice and scholarly literatures. Academy of Management Annals, 12(2), 752-788. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0095

Sumita, Takayuki (2008):"Intellectual assets-based management for innovation", Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 9 Iss 2 pp. 206 – 227. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691930810870300

Tandoğan, M. (2018). Corporation culture in businesses and innovation management. Global Journal of Business, Economics and Management: Current Issues, 8(2), 49-60. https://doi.org/10.18844/gjbem.v8i2.3528

Tidd, J., & Bessant, J. R. (2020). Managing innovation: integrating technological, market and organizational change. John Wiley & Sons.

Trott, P (2017): Innovation Management and New Product Development, 6th Edition, Pearson

Upadhyay, N. (2020). Demystifying blockchain: A critical analysis of challenges, applications and opportunities. International Journal of Information Management, 54, 102120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102120

Usman, T., Omotosho, F., & Galadima, J. (2023). Effect of Change Management On Attaining Corporate Goals And Objectives: A Critical Evaluation. Fuoye Journal of Management, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 2(2).

Zidan, M. A., Strachan, J. P., & Lu, W. D. (2018). The future of electronics based on memristive systems. Nature electronics, 1(1), 22-29. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-017-0006-8

Downloads

Published

2024-04-23

How to Cite

Egessa, C. N. (2024). Change Management and Innovation: A Case of Safaricom PLC and Yahoo Inc. Limited. Journal of Strategic Management, 8(2), 18–33. https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t30145

Issue

Section

Articles